Hananya Naftali
Nov 7, 2026
King Saul
The Short Answer
Saul, from the tribe of Benjamin, was the first king of Israel. The prophet Samuel anointed him around the 11th century BCE, after the people asked for a king to lead them against the Philistines. He was followed by King David, who made Jerusalem the capital, and by Solomon, who built the First Temple.
From Judges to Kings
Before the monarchy, the tribes of Israel were led by judges such as Deborah, Gideon and Samson. Facing constant attacks from the Philistines, the people asked the prophet Samuel to appoint a king, and Samuel anointed Saul.
David and Solomon
Saul won important victories but lost God's favor, and he died in battle on Mount Gilboa. David, the shepherd who defeated Goliath, became king, captured Jerusalem and made it his capital. His son Solomon built the First Temple on the Temple Mount.
Archaeological finds such as the Tel Dan Stele, which mentions the House of David, confirm the dynasty's place in history. Read more: Temple Mount and Al Aqsa
Key Facts
Saul was the first king of Israel.
The prophet Samuel anointed him.
King David made Jerusalem the capital.
King Solomon built the First Temple.